Sri Lanka`s former president, Mahinda Rajapaksa, has been accused of nepotism by appointing three brothers to key ministries and giving other political positions to relatives on all counts. During his presidency, the Rajapaksa family occupied the ministries of finance, defense, ports and aviation, as well as highways and road development. The president`s brother, Gotabhaya Rajapaksa, was appointed defense minister. It also controlled the armed forces, police and coast guard, and was responsible for immigration and emigration. Rajapaksa appointed his brother Basil Rajapaksa as Minister of Economic Development. Together, the Rajapaksa brothers controlled more than 70% of Sri Lanka`s public budget. Mahinda Rajapaksa`s older brother, Chamal Rajapaksa, has been appointed Speaker of the Parliament of Sri Lanka and has previously held many other positions, while his eldest son, Namal Rajapaksa, is also a Member of Parliament and holds secret portfolios. [84] [85] Recent decisions (since 1995[102]) by U.S. courts have ruled that the White House itself is not an « agency » for the purpose of complying with existing anti-nepotism laws. [103] Sullivan compiled a long list of people who had secured employment in Washington through such connections, concluding, « All this nepotism is a worrying sign that the American political class is increasingly closed. » Schools in Palm Beach County, Florida, tightened the rules on nepotism starting in 2012 to ensure a « fair work environment. » [93] A study by S. K. Camara & M.
P. Orbe collected accounts from individuals describing situations in which they were discriminated against on the basis of their status as a majority group (cases of reverse discrimination). Many white respondents described discrimination based on their race, and a smaller proportion reported discrimination based on sex. A small number of heterosexuals reported being discriminated against because of their sexual orientation. [18] [Non-primary source needed] My mother told me what that word meant in the car today. In the end from the Latin nepotem « grandson, descendant » (nom. nepos), later also « nephew, niece », which gives the Italian nipot « nephew, niece ». In Italian, the practice was originally called Nipotismo as well as today`s Nepotismo. But there can be great value in reverse nepotism – hiring older parents like parents, aunts and uncles, or older cousins. In 2017, President Donald Trump was accused of nepotism after appointing his son-in-law Jared Kushner and daughter Ivanka (married to Kushner) to advisory roles to the president. [101] Neither Jared nor Ivanka take a salary, and « consultant » is not an official position as a tax-paid government employee. In 2020, President Trump appointed his son Eric Trump`s brother-in-law, Kyle Yunaska, as NASA`s deputy chief of staff.
Yunaska holds a 2009 MBA and a 2007 Bachelor of Science in Management and Physics, both from the University of East Carolina. Yunaska is a paid government employee. [Citation needed] The conceptualization of affirmative action as reverse discrimination became popular among white conservatives from the early to mid-1970s. It was a time when this policy focused on the under-representation of ethnic minorities and women and sought to address the effects of past discrimination both in government and in the business world. Anna Bligh, who won the 2009 queensland election, was accused of nepotism by giving her husband Greg Withers a position as head of the Climate Change Office.[1] [23] Nepotism is a common accusation in politics when the parent of a powerful figure appears to rise to a similar power without proper qualifications. It is believed that the British English expression « Bob`s your uncle » was born when Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, promoted his nephew Arthur Balfour to the prestigious position of Chief Secretary for Ireland, which was widely regarded as an act of nepotism. [14] The positive action of the Chinese government has been questioned, particularly by the Han Chinese ethnic group. Unfair policies regarding entrance exams to Chinese universities, as well as human rights, which are seen as favoring the national minority, are both suspected of leading to reverse discrimination on the mainland. Han chauvinism has become increasingly popular in mainland China since the 2000s, due to dissatisfaction with Chinese affirmative action. [7] [8] The one-child policy was introduced only for Han Chinese, with minorities entitled to two or more children. [9] White college applicants who felt ignored because of the affirmative action in college admissions in favor of lower-skilled black students called these programs « reverse discrimination. » Elizabeth Purdy argues that this concept of reverse discrimination during the conservative resurgence of the 1980s and 90s was about to nullify affirmative action after being motivated by the U.S.
Supreme Court`s decision in Regents of the University of California v. Bakke, who ruled that Alan Bakke had been discriminated against by the school`s admissions program. [19] Nepotism has been criticized since ancient times by several philosophers, including Aristotle, Valluvar, and Confucius. .
